Founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE, Alexandria served as Egypt's capital for over a millennium and remains a vital hub of industry, economy, and tourism. Situated along the Mediterranean coast in northern Egypt, it is the nation's main port city and boasts a population of over five million. Known as Egypt's most cosmopolitan city, Alexandria seamlessly blends its rich historical legacy with modern vibrancy, offering a unique allure to visitors. From its historical significance as home to the legendary Pharos Lighthouse to its stunning Mediterranean beaches and cultural landmarks like the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria continues to captivate with its timeless charm and dynamic spirit.
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Located near the historic site of the ancient Library of Alexandria, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina stands as a modern tribute to one of the ancient world's greatest centers of knowledge. This architecturally striking, sun-disk-shaped structure overlooks the Corniche, embodying both Alexandria's rich history and its forward-thinking spirit. Housing over eight million books, the library features a vast reading room designed to inspire intellectual exploration. Beyond its primary collection, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina offers a range of cultural experiences, including the Manuscript Museum, showcasing a remarkable collection of ancient texts and scrolls, and the Antiquities Museum, displaying Graeco-Roman artifacts uncovered during underwater excavations in the harbor. The center also boasts rotating art exhibitions, a permanent Egyptian folk art collection, and a Science Museum and Planetarium tailored to engage and educate younger visitors, making it a vibrant cultural hub for all ages.
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Resembling an imposing castle fortress, this citadel was built in the 1480s by Sultan Qaitbey on the site of the Pharos Lighthouse, to protect the city from the crusaders who used to attack the city by sea.